Explosive-engine.



PATENTBD AUG. 6, 1907.

G. GORNILLBAU. BXPLOSIVB ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APB. 20,1906.

71115511414'iff/45.44%,

PATENTED AUG. 6, 1907.

Gr. GORNILLEAU. lEXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED AP R.20,1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

GUSTAVE CRNILLEAU, or PARIS, FRANCE.

EXPLosrvE-ENGINE.

v Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 6, 1907.

Application sied April 20,1906. serial No. 312,782.

i To all lwhom'i't may concern:

, Be it `known that I, GUsTAvE CORNILLEAU, a citizen of the FrenchRepublic, residing at Paris, France, 'have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in or Relating to Explosion-Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus to enable the power of" explosionvengines to be varied by regulating the volume ofthe mixture admitted,and, by means of a single controlling part, to relieve compression so asto facilitate the starting of the engine.

According to this invention the variation of the power'of the engine iseffected by means of a device provided with expansible cams arranged onthe spindle operating the inlet valves, in such manner that the durationof the admission period varies in proportion to the work to be effected.This mechanism is, moreover, arranged in such manner as to act on theexhaust valves, in'order to open them for the purpose of vary' ing thedegree of compression at the moment of starting the engine. l

In the accompanying drawing z-Figure I is a vertical section through theoperating spindle common to both.

the devices for regulating the inlet, and the exhaust or compressionreliefi Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line A-A of Fig. l,showing the same spindle and the operating spindles for the inlet andexhaust valves. Fig. 3 is a partial section on the line B-B of Fig. l,chiefly showing the operating device for regulating the exhaust valves.Fig. 4 shows in elevation one of the cams of the exhaust valves. Fig. 5is a vertical section I ."through one of the inlet valves and itsoperating cam.

Figs.r 6 and are sections showing the same cam in two positions e i5 Forafour-cylinder engine, the -shaftais provided with four projectionstvprovided with openings in eachl of which can transversely move thecorresponding cam c which is caused to rotate together with the saidshaft. In the valve gear taken by way of example, v the cams c arearranged atv-an angle of 90"v relatively to each other.

In the interior of the hollow shaft a, isarranged a spindle d havingeccentric rods or portionsv e which pass through aslotted'openig f madein each cam 'c.y Thisv 5v5 spindle d is provided, outside the hollowshaft. a and corresponding each to a given and different 35 degree ofopening of the inlet valve.l Figs. I8 to-l7 are at the end oppositetheroothed'wheei b, with a bevelv pinion g engaging with 'a bevel wheelh, the spindle i of which Vcan be operated by means of a crank or head mor any other suitable part, so as to bring the eccentric rods e into thedesired set positions; It follows from this arrangement that, owing tothe continuous rotation of the hollow shaft a, thecams c controlled bythe eccentric rods e, will slide or reciprocate in their bearings t, andtheir projecting parts .project beyond the said bearings to an extentcorresponding to the position occupied by the said eccentric rods e inthe hollow shaft a.

' As shown respectively inFigs. 5, lBand 7, itv will be seen that for-similar position of the-,cams c, valve lifts or travelsof differentheights, correspond to the difierent positions of the rods e, the volumeof gas admitted for producing the required work in the engine,- thusbeing regulated. In this device, the lifting of the suction orladmission lvalve j always takes place prac tically at the same pointofthe piston stroke, the closing alone of the said valve-being advanced.The different motions of the admission valve owing to the varyingactionof the cam c under different positions of the eccentricrod e are shownin Figs. 8 to 17.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show the various relative positions of the cam c androller o when the eccentric e is positioned with its greatestradius onthe'line M.z In Fig.

8, the cam, turning in the direction of the arrow, comes in'contact withthe loller of the valve-rod: In Fig. 9 the valve is fully open, iriFig.10 it is closed.- The curve, corresponding to this movement of the valveis shown at m Fig. 17. The angles e' and b described by the cam on eachside of the roller from thev commencement of the opening to completeclosure of the valve are practically equal. This is not the case in thepositions shown in Figs. l1, l2, and 13, and in Figs. 14; 15, and

16, in which the eccentric is respectively positioned on -the lines M2and M3, to which positions respectively v correspond the curves im? andm3 of Fig. 17.' l y Comparing on the one hand, Figs. 8, 11 and 14, and

. on the other hand Figs. 10, Y13 and 16, it is seen that the angle adiminishes to avery slight degree, becoming a in 1l and a2 in 14, whileon the contrary the proportional diminution is greatly accented in Figs.10, 13 and llfor the angle b which becomes b in 13 and b? in 16. Thequantity of explosivemixture admitted, cannot, therefore, exceed thevolume determined by thel piston up to the moment'of the closing of thevalve. ,The work produced by the .explosion corresponds thereforestrictly to the said volume.v

The inner spindle'd is provided, in tliel portions'of the shaft a whichform bearings for it, with flat portions which produce at lthat point across'section correspending to the openings f of the cams.. Owing tothis i arrangement it is suieient for fitting or removal of the shouldnot offer any resistance. The device hereinafter' spindle d, to causethe said spindle to slideand to rodescribed (the operating partof whichis combined with that of the adjustable cams) enables the exhaust camslto be controlled in such manner as to keep the corresponding valvesopened during a certain portion of the compression period, thuspreventing any resistance due to Compression. This arrangement consistsin mounting the spindle k carrying the exhaust cams Al, in such mannerthat it shall be able to slide longitudi- `nally to a certain extent inits bearings.- A strong spring r Aarranged in a tubular recess at 1pneof its ends,t keeps it in a given position, so that the cams I shall'normally remain in contact with the roller o for lifting ythe exhaustvalves- (Fig. 3). In this position,` the cams l bear with one of theirfaces against the correi spending projections of -thebearings for thespindlek.

At its end, opposite the spring r, thespindle k is prox ,Y vided withanother recess for receiving a spherical head n bearing againstv a pieceof hardi'steel arranged at the bottom of the said recess. This head n isprovided with a fork or yoke p embracing the driving spindlel the upperbranch of the said fork being provided with a slot for receiving aAfinger or lug s o n the said driving spindle i. The slot inthe fork pis cut in such manner brought into vertical position. -V i Theproportion between the toothed wheels h and that the finger 8 strikesthe bottom of the slot when' g is such that the regulating spindled ofthe suction valves rotates to the extent of one half revolution for eachquarter revolution of the driving spindle, so that during the variousrotary motions which are impartedtothe spindle d for regulating theinlet valves, the linger s can freely move backwards in the recess ofthe fork p without exercising any action on the spindle k.

The exhaust camsl are provided at the end opposite to that of theirordinary boss, witha flange or beading q (Fig. 4) arranged near one ofthe edges of their `cylindrical portion and outside the ordinary path ofthe roller o which effects the' lifting of the exhaust valve. Thisflange or beading. ends in inclined faces, which makel its contact withthe said roller o more gradual. In

accordance with this arrangement, when it is desired to start theengine, the driving spindle i is turnedv sn as to bring theinger s inthedirection of its application l against the'bottom of the fork p. In thismovement the finger s moves the spindle lc longitudinally, whichmovement'is sufficient to bring the headings or flanges yq yinto thepath -of the roller o of each cam l. In these conditions, when,immediately after having thus operated the driving spindle t', thespindle of the engine is perated forstarting, the cam l ofthe cylinderin which 'compression would otherwise take place, will meet with itsflange q the roller o which will raise the co'rre` spending exhaustvalve to a sufiicient extent to diminish lthe pressure existing in thecylinder, by the discharge of the air or gas which was stored thereinbefore the startingof rthe corresponding piston. Moreover, the

compression of the mixturel which is admitted in the first place, beingprevented from being as strong as iny .normal working, the result will`be that this compresinto gear.' As soon as the engine has been started,the

lspindle i is operated so as to bring 'back the cams Z to their normalworking position and allow, moreover, theadjustable admission-cams c ytobe arranged in'a position corresponding to the work to be done. Thewhole of this arrangement enables therefore notronly the starting of theengine to be facilitated, -but also itsl workingto beregulated asdesired, by controlling thequantity of mixture admitted by means of-,thesame operating parts. i

What I claim as myinve'ntion, and desire to secure by Letters Patentiszd- 1. Regulating mechanism for'explosionengines compris, ling arotary spindle, an adjustable inlet-valve-operating cam mounted thereon,an exhaust `valve-operating shaft, a cam thereon incombination with a.controlling'shaftfor said inlet and exhaus operating devices, aconnection lntermediate the controlling shaft and the inlet operatingcam spindle for adjusting the throw of4 the cam mounted thereon and aconnection for longitudinally moving the exhaust operating cam shaftsubstantially as set forth.

v2. Regulating mechanism for explosion/engines comprising a hollowrotary shaft, a cam operating spindlewithin said hollow shaft, anadjustable lnlet-valveoperating cam mounted thereon, an exhaustvalve-operating shaft, a cam thereon in combination with a controllingshaftfor said inlet and' exhaust operating devices, a connection,intermediate `the -controlllng shaft and the'inlet operating cnmspindle for adjusting the throw of the cum mounted thereon and aconnection for longitudinally moving the exhaust operating camshaftsubstantially as set forth.

3` yRegulating mechanism for explosion engines comprising a hollowrotary shaft, a cam operating spindle within said hollowshaft, having aneccentric portion, a slotted cam'mounted on said eccentric `portion andprojecting through the tubular shaft, an exhaust valve-operating shaft,a-cam thereon in combination with a controlling shaft for said inlet andexhaust operating devices, a connection intermediate the controllingshaft and the inlet operating cam spindle for adjusting the throw ofthecam mounted thereon und a connection for longitudinally mov- I ing theexhaust operating cam .4 shaft substantially as set forth.- A

4. Regulating mechanism for explosion engines comprising airotaryspindle, an adjustable inlet'valve-operating cam mounted thereon,'anexhaust valve-opcrating shaft, a cam thereon in combination with acontrolling shaft for said inlet and exhaust operating devices, aconnection in` termediate the controlling' shaft andthe inlet operatingcam yspindle for adjusting the throw of the cam mounted thereon, aslotted forked connection between the operating shaft and thelongitudinally movable exhaust valveoperating shaft and a projection onthe operating shaft engaging the slot in the fork,suhstantially as setforth.

5.. Regulating mechanism for explosion engines comprising a hollowrotary shaft, a cam operating spindle within said hollow shaft, anadjustable inlet-vaive-operatingr ca m mounted thereon, an exhaustvalve-operating shaft, a cam thereon in combination with acontroliingshaft for said inlet and exhaust operating devices, aconnection intermediate the controlling shaft and the inletoperatingcam4 spindle for adjusting the throw of the cam mountedthereon, a slotted forkedconnection betweenptlie operating shaft and thelongitudinally movable exhaust vulve operating shaft and a projection onthe operating shaft engaging` the slot in thc fork, substantially. asset forth.

6. Regulating mechanism for explosion engines comprising ahollow rotaryshaft a cuiuopcrnting. spindle within said hollow shaft, having uneccentric portion, 'a slotted ist cam mounted on said eccentric portionand projecting through the tubular shaft, an exhaust valve-operatingshaft, a cam thereon in combination with a controlling shaft for said-inlet and exhaust operating devices, a connection intermediate thecontrolling shaft and the inlet operating cam spindle for adjusting thethrow of the cam mounted thereon, a Yslotted forked connection betweenthe operating shaft and the longitudinallyv movable 'exhaust valveoperating shaft and a 'projection on the operating shaft engaging theslot in the fork, substantially as set forth. y

7. In regulating mechanism for explosion engines of the kind describedan inlet valve cam adjusting device consist'- ng of a rotatory tubularshaft, a transverse cam opening therein, a rotatable cam operatingspindle in said hollow shaft. a portion of said spindle fitting theinterior of said shaft and a portion being eccentric thereto, a slottedcam mounted upon the eccentric portion of the spindle and projectingthrough the transverse opening in the tubular shaft in combination withmeans forturning the spindle independently of the rotary shaftsubstantially as set fOlh. o

8. In regulating mechanism for explosion engines of the kind described acontrolling shaft, a bevel gear thereon for operating the inlet-valvecam spindle and a projection thereon for operating-the longitudinallymovable exhaust valve cam shaft substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GUSTAVE CORNILLEAU.

Witnesses` HANsoN C. COXE, GEORGES BONNEUIL.

